“There is something infinitely healing in the repeated refrains of nature–the assurance that dawn comes after night, and spring after winter” – Rachel Carson.
Compliance Management
Marine Living Resources Act
During February, the Rangers came across a total of 52 fishermen, recreational fishing, spearfishing/diving, and bait collecting permits were inspected by Ethan and Erich per the Marine Living Resources Act (Act 18 of 1998). Of the 52 permits checked, none failed to produce a valid permit. We remind everyone that it is essential to be in possession of a permit, even if you are simply fishing for a day or two! We ask that if you witness any fishermen, divers, or bait collectors and suspect they are not following the rules and regulations, please get in touch with the Conservancy immediately.
Natural Resource Management
Saving Marine Birds: The Story of SAPREC
Tucked away in the scenic coastal town of Mossel Bay, South Africa, lies a sanctuary dedicated to preserving one of the most vulnerable inhabitants of the marine world. The Seabird and Penguin Rehabilitation Centre (SAPREC) is a beacon of hope for injured and endangered marine birds, offering them a second chance at life while raising awareness about the threats to their survival.
Founded in 2005 by Carol Walton, SAPREC emerged from a passion for marine life and a deep concern for the growing dangers faced by seabirds. Carol envisioned a haven where injured marine birds could be cared for and, if possible, returned to their natural habitat. SAPREC is a non-profit organization that solely relies on donations from the public to continue its work. Over the years, her vision has blossomed into a thriving centre that not only rehabilitates animals but also educates the public on the importance of marine conservation.
At the heart of SAPREC’s operations lies a clear and impactful mission: to rescue, rehabilitate, and release marine birds, with a special focus on the Critically Endangered African Penguin (Spheniscus demersus). Many of these birds arrive at the centre after falling victim to oil spills, plastic pollution, fishing nets, or other human-induced threats. SAPREC ensures these animals receive expert care, enabling as many as possible to return to the wild. But the centre’s mission extends beyond the animals themselves. Through community outreach and educational programs, SAPREC aims to inspire collective action to protect South Africa’s unique marine ecosystem.
Since its establishment, SAPREC has become a cornerstone of conservation along the Garden Route. The centre has rescued and rehabilitated countless marine birds, sharing stories of resilience that resonate far beyond Mossel Bay. Each bird released back into the wild represents a small victory in the battle against environmental degradation.
The work of SAPREC reminds us that the health of our oceans is deeply intertwined with our well-being. Protecting marine life is not just about saving individual species–it’s about preserving an ecosystem that sustains us all. SAPREC is a powerful example of what can be achieved when passion meets purpose through its dedication to rehabilitation, education, and awareness. In the face of growing challenges, this small centre in Mossel Bay continues to make waves in marine conservation, one rescued bird at a time.
For those inspired to support SAPREC’s efforts, there are numerous ways to get involved, from volunteering to donating or simply spreading the word about their vital work. Together, we can help secure a future where marine life thrives for generations to come. Visit their website for more information on how to support and make a difference: https://www.saprec.org
Basic Veldfire Training Course at Gourikwa Nature Reserve
On February 18th, our Rangers had the opportunity to attend an insightful and hands-on Basic Veldfire Training Course at Gourikwa Nature Reserve. This training, conducted by the Garden Route District Municipality Fire Department in collaboration with the Southern Cape Fire Protection Association (SCFPA), provided invaluable knowledge and skills essential for handling veld and bushfires—an ever-present risk in our conservation areas.
The day commenced with a theoretical session, where we gained a deeper understanding of fire behaviour, prevention methods, and emergency response protocols. This session laid the groundwork for the practical application of firefighting techniques, ensuring that all participants grasped the fundamental principles before engaging in hands-on exercises. Following the classroom session, we moved outdoors for a practical demonstration. Under the expert guidance of the Fire Department, our Rangers had the chance to familiarize themselves with essential firefighting tools and equipment. The hands-on training allowed us to experience firsthand the challenges of fire suppression and reinforced the importance of swift and coordinated action in an emergency. Training such as this is crucial for conservation teams working in fore-prone environments. As stewards of the land, we must be prepared to respond effectively to wildfires, ensuring the protection of both natural habitats and human lives.
We sincerely thank the team at Gourikwa Nature Reserve for hosting us and the Garden Route District Municipality Fire Department for sharing their expertise. Their guidance and support equip us with the necessary skills to manage fire risks responsibly and confidently. This training serves as a vital step in our ongoing commitment to conservation and safety.
Visit to Radical Raptors at Gouritzmond
On February 20th, our Rangers had the privilege of visiting Radical Raptors at Gouritzmond, where we experienced an awe-inspiring flying display show and raptor talk. This visit offered a rare opportunity to witness the magnificence of Birds of Prey up close and gain a deeper understanding of their vital role in the ecosystem. Radical Raptors is a rehabilitation centre founded by Dennis Robson in 2008. They relocated to Gouritzmond from Plettenberg Bay, where their focus shifted away from tourism and more toward their primary goal, rehabilitation. This rehabilitation centre’s main goal is to release the birds back into the wild, which they rehabilitate if it is possible to do so.
During the show, we were introduced to various raptor species, including the Spotted eagle owl, Harrison’s Hawk, Jackal Buzzard, and Verreaux’s Eagle. Each of these birds demonstrated their incredible flight capabilities, showcasing their agility, strength, and hunting precision. The experience was both educational and exhilarating as we observed these powerful birds soar through the sky with effortless grace. The Raptor Talk provided valuable insights into the behaviour, conservation, and rehabilitation of these majestic creatures. Learning about the challenges they face in the wild and the efforts made to protect them reinforced the importance of conservation initiatives like those led by Radical Raptors.
We extend our gratitude to the team at Radical Raptors for their dedication to bird conservation and for providing us with such an engaging and informative experience. Their work in rescuing, rehabilitating, and releasing these incredible birds is truly commendable. To support their efforts and make a donation, visit their website: https://radicalraptors.co.za/. Every contribution helps ensure the protection and care of these remarkable birds for future generations to admire.
Environmental Education
Plastic Pollution and Its Devastating Effect on Marine Life
Plastic pollution has emerged as one of the greatest environmental crises of modern times, with marine ecosystems bearing the brunt of this escalating issue. Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste infiltrate our oceans, endangering marine life, destabilizing ecosystems, and disrupting human livelihoods. The long-lasting nature of plastic, combined with inadequate waste management, has turned our oceans into dumping grounds, posing a severe threat to biodiversity and ecological balance.
Oceans, which cover more than 70% of the Earth’s surface, are home to an astonishing diversity of life, playing a crucial role in regulating climate and supporting global food chains. However, these vast ecosystems are under siege. It is estimated that approximately 8 to 10 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the oceans annually. This pollution originates from multiple sources, including discharge and littering, as well as ocean-based sources like abandoned fishing gear and shipping waste. The durability of plastic means it persists for centuries, breaking down into smaller particles known as microplastics. These particles, less than 5mm in size, are now found in every marine environment, from coastal waters to deep-sea trenches. The sheer volume of plastic in the ocean has led to the formation of massive floating garbage patches, such as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, which spans over 1.6 million square kilometres.
Plastic pollution has catastrophic effects on marine organisms at all levels of the food chain. Many marine animals mistake plastic for food, leading to fatal consequences. Sea turtles, for instance, often ingest plastic bags, confusing them with jellyfish. Once ingested, the plastic can cause internal blockages, leading to starvation and death. Similarly, seabirds such as albatrosses and puffins consume plastic fragments, filling their stomachs with indigestible materials, ultimately causing malnutrition and starvation. Marine mammals, including whales, dolphins, and seals, are also highly vulnerable to plastic entanglement. Abandoned fishing nets, often referred to as “ghost nets”, continue to trap marine animals long after they are discarded. These nets can wrap around fins, flippers, and necks, leading to severe injuries, suffocation, and drowning. Whales, for example, have been found with dozens of kilograms of plastic in their stomachs, unable to expel the waste.
Microplastics further exacerbate the problem by infiltrating the food web. These tiny plastic particles are consumed by plankton, the foundation of marine food chains. As microplastics accumulate up the trophic levels, they become increasingly concentrated in larger marine animals and eventually enter human diets. Recent studies have detected microplastics in seafood, drinking water, and even human blood, raising significant health concerns regarding long-term exposure.
Plastic pollution represents a grave escalating threat to marine life, ecosystems, and human well-being. Without immediate and sustained action, the damage to biodiversity and coastal economies will only intensify. However, we can stem the tide of plastic pollution through concerted efforts involving policy reforms, innovative solutions, and individual responsibility. The health of our oceans–and ultimately, the health of our planet–depends on our collective commitment to reduce plastic waste and protect marine environments for future generations.
Monthly Species Profile
Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin / Indiese Oseaan Stompneusdolfyn
Scientific name: Tursiops aduncus
Family: Delphinidae
Description: The Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin is a medium-sized dolphin species known for its streamlined body, curved dorsal fin, and characteristic bottle-shaped snout. It is generally smaller than its more widely known relative, the Common Bottlenose Dolphin. Its colouration varies from light grey to dark grey, with a paler underside. Adults typically measure between 2 to 2.6 meters in length and weigh between 160 and 230 kilograms. A distinguishing feature of this species is the presence of spots on the bellies of mature individuals, which develop as they age.
Distribution: The Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin is found in warm, tropical, and subtropical waters of the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Its range extends from the eastern coast of Africa, including waters around the Western Cape, to the coasts of Southeast Asia, Australia, and even as far as Japan. In South Africa, sightings are more common along the eastern coastline, but occasional groups may be spotted around the Western Cape.
Habitat: Preferring shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and lagoons, this species thrives in environments with warm temperatures and abundant marine life. It is frequently observed near coral reefs, sandy bays, and seagrass beds. Unlike offshore dolphin species, Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins remain relatively close to shore, making them more visible to human observers.
Diet: The Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin is an opportunistic feeder, consuming a diet primarily composed of fish, squid, and crustaceans. Using echolocation, they detect and hunt prey, often working in cooperative groups to herd fish into tight schools. Their feeding techniques can include chasing prey onto mudflats or working with other marine predators, such as seabirds, to increase hunting success.
Life Cycle: These dolphins have a relatively long lifespan, living up to 40 years in the wild. Females give birth to a single calf after a gestation period of approximately 12 months. Calves are dependent on their mothers for up to four years, during which they learn crucial survival skills, including hunting and social interactions. Males typically reach sexual maturity around 10 to 12 years of age, while females mature slightly earlier.
Importance: As apex predators, Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins play a vital role in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems. By regulating fish populations, they help to ensure the health of coastal habitats. Additionally, their presence in nearshore environments makes them key indicators of ocean health.
Conservation Status: The Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin is currently listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Major threats include habitat destruction, pollution, bycatch in fishing nets, and boat collisions. Additionally, noise pollution from coastal development and marine traffic disrupts their communication and echolocation abilities. Conservation efforts focus on protecting critical habitats, reducing bycatch through sustainable fishing practices, and promoting.
References
BBC. 2024. Visualising the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. [online] https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240115-visualising-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch [Accessed Feb. 2025]
DIAZ, K. 2025. Tursiops aduncus Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin. [online] https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Tursiops_aduncus/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
GARDEN ROUTE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY. 2025. Media Release: GRDM Facilitates Basic Veldfire Training conducted at Gourikwa Nature Reserve. [online] https://www.gardenroute.gov.za/category/firefighting/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
INATURALIST. 2025. Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin. [online] https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/41481-Tursiops-aduncus [Accessed Feb. 2025]
MARINE DYNAMICS. 2024. Bottlenose Dolphin. [online] https://www.whalewatchsa.com/whales-birds-sharks/bottlenose-dolphin/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
NATURAL GEOGRAPHIC. 2025. Great Pacific Garbage Patch. [online] https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/great-pacific-garbage-patch/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
RADICAL RAPTORS. 2025. About Us. [online] http://radicalraptors.co.za/about-2/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
SAPREC. 2025. SAPREC Seabrid and Penguin Rehabilitation Centre. [online] https://www.saprec.org/ [Accessed Feb. 2025]
BERNARD VAN HEERDEN
EBEN DE WET
HAYLEY THORPE
THOMAS WILLEMS
ETHAN ELBRECHT
ERICH GOOLD
FRANSMANSHOEK CONSERVANCY
082 084 2791 | fransmanshoek@gmail.com
